论文部分内容阅读
目的 了解新疆监测点40岁及以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 的患病情况, 探讨其相关影响因素, 为新疆COPD防控策略的制定提供科学依据.方法 于2015年5-8月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法选取新疆3个监测点40岁及以上的1 774名居民为研究对象, 对其进行问卷调查及肺功能检查.采用SPSS 20.0统计软件进行χ2检验, COPD患病影响因素分析采用多因素logistic回归分析.结果 调查对象COPD的患病率为10.37％, 且患病率随着年龄的增加而升高, 40～49岁组、50～59岁组和≥60岁组的患病率分别为6.41％, 9.68％和18.12％, 差异有统计学意义 (χ2=41.11, P<0.05) .多因素logistic回归分析结果显示, 年龄增长 (OR=1.80, 95％CI:1.46～2.22) 、现在每日吸烟 (OR=2.14, 95％CI:1.52～3.02) 和职业性粉尘接触1年以上 (OR=1.43, 95％CI:1.03～1.98) 为COPD的危险因素, 而民族为少数民族 (OR=0.55, 95％CI:0.36～0.83) 以及在厨房设置排风设备 (OR=0.55, 95％CI:0.34～0.89) 是COPD的保护因素.结论 预防和控制COPD的发生和发展需要做好控烟宣教工作、控制室内空气污染以及职业场所的安全防护教育.“,”Objective To explore the morbidity and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in residents (≥ 40 years old) of Xinjiang monitoring stations, and to provide the scientific basis for the establishing the prevention and control policy strategy of COPD in Xinjiang. Methods From May to August in 2015, 1 774 residents (≥ 40 years old) from 3 monitoring stations were selected as the subjects by multi-stage stratified random sampling method. The investigation was performed by questionnaire and a pulmonary function test. Chi-square test was used to analyze the morbidity with SPSS 20.0, and the multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of COPD. Results The results of present study showed that the morbidity of COPD was 10.37％ and increased with age. The morbidities of the 40-49, 50-59 and ≥ 60 years old groups were 6.41％, 9.68％ and 18.12％, respectively (χ2= 41.11, P<0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age (OR=1.80, 95％CI:1.46-2.22), smoking everyday (OR =2.14, 95％CI:1.52-3.02) and occupational exposure to dusts for more than 1 year (OR=1.43, 95％CI:1.03-1.98) were the risk factors for COPD. The ethnic minorities (OR=0.55, 95％CI:0.36-0.83) and the exhaust equipment in the kitchens (OR=0.55, 95％CI:0.34-0.89) were the protection factors for COPD. Conclusion For preventing and controlling the development of COPD, the propaganda of controlling smoke, control of indoor air pollution and safety education in occupational sites should be conducted.