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本试验于1982—1983年对中国春小麦(2n=42)×苏联球茎大麦(2n=28)属间杂种B_1F_3代2000余个单株的植株性状、生育状况、育性和染色体数目进行了观察;B_1F_3代杂种植株明显地分离为Ⅳ类: 第Ⅰ类:株型紧凑。叶深绿色。分蘖数10～30个。茎的高矮和粗细、穗型、芒型和叶型等植株性状均有分离。抽穗、成熟较早。以染色体数43～45条的细胞为多。 第Ⅱ类:株型较紧凑。叶绿色。分蘖数15～20个。茎秆尚粗壮。抽穗、成熟均迟。以染色体数43～48条的细胞为多。 第Ⅲ类:植株矮,茎秆细。苗期叶片有黄色斑点,抽穗后严重早衰,不久大多数植株即行枯死。以染色体数49～53条的细胞为多。 第Ⅳ类:株型较紧凑,茎秆尚粗壮。叶色在抽穗前尚属正常,抽穗后有早衰观象。以染色体数在54～56条的细胞为多。 Ⅳ类植株的结实性在株系内虽有分离,但明显地以Ⅰ类育性为高,多在50％以上;Ⅱ类为10～50％;Ⅳ类为10～30％;而以Ⅲ类育性最低,均在20％以下。 4种植株类型的染色体均处于排除过程,都是不稳定的非整倍体。必须在后代不断地选择,才有可能获得小麦异附加系和八倍体。
In this experiment, we observed the plant characters, fertility, fertility and chromosome number of more than 2000 individuals of the B_1F_3 intergeneric hybrid between Chinese spring wheat (2n = 42) × Soviet corm and barley (2n = 28) in 1982-1983. B_1F_3 generation of hybrid plants clearly separated into Ⅳ categories: Ⅰ type: compact plant type. Dark green leaves. Number of tillers 10 to 30. Stem height and thickness, panicle type, mango type and leaf type and other plant traits are separated. Ear, mature earlier. The number of chromosomes 43 to 45 more cells. Class II: plant type more compact. Green leaves. Tiller number of 15 to 20. Stalks are still thick. Heading, maturity are late. The number of chromosomes 43 to 48 more cells. Class Ⅲ: short plants, thin stems. Seedling leaves have yellow spots, severe premature decline after heading, and soon the majority of plants that die. The chromosome number of 49 to 53 more cells. The fourth category: more compact plant type, stalks are still sturdy. Leaf color is normal before heading, there are premature signs of decline after heading. The number of chromosomes in 54 to 56 more cells. Although the segregation of Ⅳ plants in the isolates was observed in the plants, the fertility of Ⅰ plants was obviously higher than that of the other plants by more than 50%, that of class Ⅱ was 10% ~ 50% and that of Ⅳ was 10% ~ 30% Fertility lowest, are below 20%. Chromosomes of the four plant types are in the process of elimination, are unstable aneuploidy. Must continue to choose future generations, will it be possible to obtain wheat different addition lines and octapods.