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目的:通过献血者与患者不规则抗体的比较,探讨对献血者和患者不规则抗体筛查的重要性。方法:使用微柱凝胶法对9 924例献血者和8 323例患者进行不规则抗体筛查,对抗筛阳性者进行抗体鉴定和效价测定,比较献血者与患者不规则抗体。结果:9 924例献血者检出不规则抗体4例(0.04%),均为Rh系统不规则抗体,抗-E和抗-C各2例;8 323例住院患者检出不规则抗体31例(0.37%),Rh系统不规则抗体24例,MNS系统不规则抗体5例,Lewis系统不规则抗体1例,Kidd系统不规则抗体1例,患者不规则抗体检出率明显高于献血者(P<0.05)。结论:献血者与患者都应常规抗体筛查,能有效降低输血反应发生的风险,对临床安全输血有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the importance of screening for irregular antibodies to blood donors and patients through comparison of irregular antibodies between blood donors and patients. Methods: Nine hundred and seventy-four blood donors and 8323 patients were screened for irregular antibodies by microcolumn gel method. Antibody identification and titer determination were performed on those who were screened against positive results. Blood donors and patients with irregular antibodies were compared. Results: In 9 924 donors, 4 cases (0.04%) of irregular antibodies were detected, which were all irregular Rh antibodies, anti-E and anti-C antibodies in 2 cases and 8 323 inpatients with irregular antibodies (0.37%), Rh system irregular antibody in 24 cases, MNS system irregular antibody in 5 cases, Lewis system irregular antibody in 1 case and Kidd system irregular antibody in 1 case. The detection rate of irregular antibody in patients was significantly higher than that in blood donors P <0.05). Conclusion: Both blood donors and patients should be screened for routine antibodies, which can effectively reduce the risk of transfusion reactions and is of great significance for clinical transfusion safety.