采用链脲佐菌素（ＳＴＺ）腹腔注射建立糖尿病大鼠模型，观察中药复方止消通脉宁对其肾小球形态学的影响。结果表明：与正常对照组相比，各组糖尿病大鼠肾小球毛细血管基底膜厚度（ＧＢＭＷ）、系膜区平均面积［Ａ（Ｍ）］、肾小球平均截面积［Ａ（Ｇ）］、肾小球直径［Ｄ（Ｇ）］和肾小球体积［Ｖ（Ｇ）］均显著增加，其中模型组最为明显，西药组次之，中药组最轻。控制肾脏肥大、减轻ＧＢＭ增厚以及抑制系膜增生，是止消通脉宁治疗糖尿病肾病的主要作用机制。 A diabetic rat model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to observe the effect of Chinese herb compound Zhixiao Tongmaining on glomerular morphology. The results showed that compared with the normal control group, the glomerular capillary basement membrane thickness (GBMW), the mean area of ​​the mesangial area [A(M)], and the average glomerular cross-sectional area [A(G)] in each group of diabetic rats. ], glomerular diameter [D (G)] and glomerular volume [V (G)] were significantly increased, of which the model group is the most obvious, followed by Western medicine group, Chinese medicine group is the lightest. Controlling kidney hypertrophy, reducing GBM thickening, and inhibiting mesangial proliferation are the main mechanisms of Zhixiao Tongmaining in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.