会宁鼠疫自然疫源地是甘宁黄土高原阿拉善黄鼠鼠疫自然疫源地的一部分，为该疫源地的西部边缘区，疫源面积３７０００ｈａ，占整个疫源面积的１２９１％。疫史可追溯到１７３８年，１９６２年人间鼠疫为最后一次流行，共发病２６人，死亡１１人，并从人尸和沙狐体内分离出鼠疫杆菌。１９６３年从主要宿主阿拉善黄鼠及其主要媒介方形黄鼠蚤蒙古亚种体内分离到鼠疫杆菌。动物间鼠疫的流行在时间分布上仅限于阿拉善黄鼠地面活动的４～８月，一旦发生流行其强度大、范围广、动物死亡率高。防治策略应认真做好鼠防知识的宣传，实事求是的做好鼠疫监测和疫情的预测预报 Huining plague natural foci is the Gansu Loess Plateau Alashan plague plague natural foci part of the western edge of the epidemic area, the foci area of ​​37000ha, accounting for 1291% of the entire epidemic area. Epidemic history can be traced back to 1738, 1962 human plague was the last epidemic, a total of 26 people were killed and 11 people died, and from the human body and sand fox isolated from the body of Yersinia pestis. In 1963, Yersinia pestis was isolated from the main host Alashan shrew and its main media, C. kurzacii, Mongolia sub-species. The prevalence of plague in animals in the time distribution is limited to Alashan squirrel ground activity from April to August, once the prevalence of its intensity, a wide range of high animal mortality. Prevention and control strategy should be careful to propagandize rat prevention knowledge, seek truth from facts, make plague surveillance and epidemic prediction and forecast