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目的了解结核病患者家庭成员患病情况,探讨其发病原因及预防方法。方法对2004～2008年新疆克拉玛依市中心医院结核病门诊(有结核病防治所医生坐诊的联合门诊)就诊及住院的各类结核病患者进行了家族史调查,登记其家庭成员患病年龄、结核类型、与家庭第一个患者的关系、相隔时间等信息。结果共调查各类结核患者1045例,发现62个家庭有成员发病,占5.9%(62/1045),其中家庭首发涂阳肺结核32例、慢性排菌病人13例、涂阴10例、肺外结核7例;先长辈后子女103例(103/155)、先子女后长辈14例、同辈38例;发病间隔1～22年不等。结论家庭中有涂阳和慢性排菌肺结核病人,家庭成员密切接触者、尤其子女患病的风险较高;加强结核病宣传、早发现、早治愈病人,是控制家庭内结核病传染的有效途径。
Objective To understand the prevalence of family members of tuberculosis patients and to explore their causes and prevention methods. Methods The family history of tuberculosis patients in Karamay Central Hospital from 2004 to 2008 (outpatient clinic with tuberculosis prevention and treatment clinic) and hospitalized patients were investigated. The age, tuberculosis type, The first patient’s family relationship, time interval and other information. Results A total of 1045 cases of tuberculosis were investigated in 62 families, accounting for 5.9% (62/1045). Among them, 32 cases were smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, 13 cases were chronic bacteriosis, 10 cases were smear negative, Tuberculosis in 7 cases; the first eldest children after the 103 cases (103/155), the first child after the elders in 14 cases, 38 cases of peer; onset interval of 1 to 22 years. Conclusion There are smear-positive and chronic tuberculosis patients in the family with close family members, especially the children are at higher risk. Strengthening tuberculosis publicity, early detection and early cure is an effective way to control tuberculosis infection in the family.