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目的掌握陕西省饮水型氟中毒病区改水后,水、尿氟含量的变化及儿童氟斑牙的流行趋势,评估饮水型氟中毒防治效果。方法于2006～2008年每年4、9月,对陈家村和西蟠村两个监测点水氟和8～12岁儿童尿氟含量进行测定,采用离子选择电极法;用Dean,s法对8～12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查。结果陈家村水氟含量由改水前的4.20mg/L降至0.93 mg/L,氟斑牙患病率由80.40%降至71.56%;西蟠村水氟含量由改水前的2.40 mg/L降至0.34 mg/L,氟斑牙患病率由54.80%降至42.93%,随着改水时间的延长,尿氟含量呈逐年下降趋势,尿氟含量与氟斑牙患病率之间相关系数显著性检验r=0.864,P<0.05,二者呈显著正相关关系。结论改水降氟能够有效的控制饮水型氟中毒的流行。
Objective To investigate the changes of water and urine fluoride content and the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children with drinking water fluorosis in Shaanxi Province and evaluate the control effect of drinking water fluorosis. Methods The urinary fluoride contents in water fluoride and children aged 8 to 12 years at two monitoring points of Chenjiacun Village and Xipang Village were measured from April to September in 2006 ~ 2008. The ion-selective electrode method was used. Children aged 12 to undergo dental fluorosis examination. Results The fluoride content in Chenjiacun dropped from 4.20mg / L before watering to 0.93mg / L, and the prevalence of dental fluorosis decreased from 80.40% to 71.56%. The fluorine content in Xipang village was 2.40 mg / L decreased to 0.34 mg / L, the prevalence of dental fluorosis decreased from 54.80% to 42.93%. With the extension of time, urinary fluoride content showed a trend of declining year by year. The difference between urinary fluoride content and the prevalence of dental fluorosis Correlation coefficient significance test r = 0.864, P <0.05, both showed a significant positive correlation. Conclusion It is effective to control the prevalence of drinking-type fluorosis by changing water to reduce fluoride.