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目的了解古蔺县地氟病区中小学燃煤型地氟病防治健康教育现状及需求,为地氟病进一步防治提供依据。方法通过多阶段分层随机抽样的方法抽取古蔺县地氟病区4065名中小学生,对其进行问卷调查。结果调查对象地氟病防治知识总知晓率为37.11%;知晓率最低的三个知识点分别是“严重氟骨症引起的表现(5.75%)”、“卫生炉灶高出屋脊的高度(20.18%)”、“地氟病主要表现(29.23%)”;调查对象目前地氟病防治知识来源占前三位的分别是医生41.1%、学校老师41.1%、宣传途径37.8%,调查对象希望获得地氟病防治知识的途径占前三位的分别是医生56.2%、学校老师39.1%、宣传途径36.8%。结论古蔺县中小学生的地氟病防治知识知晓率较低,获取健康知识途径少,迫切需要加强健康教育的宣传和普及工作。
Objective To understand the status quo and needs of health education on prevention and treatment of ground-based fluorosis in primary and secondary schools in Gulin district of Gulin ward, and to provide basis for further prevention and control of earth-borne fluorine disease. Methods A total of 4065 primary and secondary school students from the endemic fluorosis area in Gulin County were collected by multi-stage stratified random sampling and questionnaires were conducted. Results The total awareness rate of prevention and treatment of fluorosis was 37.11%. The three knowledge points with the lowest awareness rate were “severe skeletal fluorosis-induced (5.75%)”, “ (20.18%), the main manifestation of endemic fluorosis (29.23%) ”; surveyed the current knowledge of prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis accounted for the top three were 41.1% doctors, school teachers 41.1%, publicity approach 37.8% The surveyed respondents wished to obtain knowledge of prevention and treatment of endemic fluorosis accounted for 56.2% of the top three doctors, 39.1% of school teachers, and 36.8% of publicity channels. Conclusion There is less awareness of prevention and treatment of DXF among primary and secondary school students in Gulin County and less access to health knowledge. There is an urgent need to strengthen publicity and popularization of health education.