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目的:调查怀化及其周边少数民族地区成人隐匿性自身免疫性糖尿病(LADA)在新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)中的患病率，分析LADA的临床特征，研究LADA与T2DM患者临床特征及细胞免疫的差异。方法:回顾性分析2015年6月至2017年12月怀化市第一人民医院内分泌科门诊及住院的新诊断2型糖尿病患者420例，根据谷氨酸脱羧酶(GAD)抗体阳性结果，将其分为LADA组和T2DM组，其中LADA组21例[根据抗GAD滴度分为LADA1组(≥180 Units/ml高滴度)和LADA2组(0.05)；⑵LADA组患者的C肽水平(FCP和2 h-CP)低于T2DM组(n P均<0.05)；LADA1组的FCP及2 h-CP水平较LADA2组更低(n P<0.05)。T2DM组的BMI、LDL-C高于LADA组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)。T2DM组血清中的Cys C、Hcy、中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)水平高于LADA组，差异有统计学意义(n P<0.05)；⑶LADA组患者T细胞亚群CD4n ＋/CD8n ＋T细胞比值高于T2DM组(n P<0.05)。n 结论:⑴新诊断汉族及少数民族T2DM患者中均存在相似比例的LADA患者。抗体高滴度LADA较低滴度LADA及T2DM患者体型偏瘦，胰岛功能更差。但较LADA患者，T2DM患者与代谢紊乱更相关，其大血管并发症风险更高。⑵LADA组较T2DM组患者存在更严重的T细胞免疫失衡。“,”Objective:To investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of latent autoimmune diabetes mellitus (LADA) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Huaihua and its surrounding minority areas, and study the differences of clinical biochemical characteristics and cellular immunity between LADA and T2DM patients.Methods:A total of 420 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Department of Endocrinology, Huaihua First People′s Hospital from June 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the positive results of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibody, they were divided into LADA group and T2DM group, 21 cases in LADA group and 399 cases in T2DM group. According to GAD antibody titer, 21 LADA patients were divided into LADA1 (≥180 Units/ml high titer) group and LADA2 (0.05). ⑵ The C-peptide level (FCP, 2 h-CP) of LADA group was lower than that of T2DM group (n P<0.05); the FCP and 2 h-CP levels of LADA1 group were lower than LADA2 group (n P<0.05). The BMI and LDL-C in T2DM group were higher than those in LADA group (n P<0.05). The levels of Cys C, Hcy and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in T2DM group were higher than those in LADA group (n P<0.05). ⑶ The ratio of CD4n +/CD8n + T cells in LADA group was higher than that in T2DM group (n P<0.05).n Conclusions:⑴ There are similar frequency of LADA patients in newly diagnosed Han and minority T2DM patients. ⑵ Patients with high antibody titer LADA are thinner than those with low antibody titer LADA and T2DM, and their islet function is worse. However, compared with LADA patients, T2DM patients are more related to metabolic disorders, and have a higher risk of macrovascular complications. ⑶ LADA patients have more severe immune imbalance than T2DM patients.