近代的社会契约思想源于对教会统治和“君权神授”观念的批判,从格老秀斯、霍布斯主张通过契约的方式将权力转让给君主,到斯宾诺莎、洛克主张通过契约的方式使政府保护人民的权利,到卢梭的人民主权观点,形成了系统的社会契约论,这一学说对近代资产阶级革命和资本主义发展产生了重大影响。 The modern social contract thought originated from the critique of the church rule and the concept of “divine right”. From Grotius and Hobbes advocated the transfer of power to the monarch by contract, and to Spinoza, Locke advocated The contractual approach enabled the government to protect the people’s rights and to Rousseau’s view of popular sovereignty and formed a systematic social contract theory. This doctrine had a significant impact on the development of modern bourgeois revolution and capitalism.