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In this work, a groundwater monitor section along the Tarim Desert Highway was set up, and the groundwater level data were recorded. The temporal and spatial fluctuations of the groundwater level were analyzed based on the groundwater level measurements, hydrologic data, the groundwater/surface water interconversion theory and the groundwater dynamics. The spatial distribution of groundwater is mostly affected by sand dune height and landform variation. The four primary temporal influence factors of groundwater level can be ordered in decreasing significance as: shelterbelt pumping > vertical leakage > river flow change > runoff replenishment. The runoff replenishment has the biggest influence range, and the shelterbelt pumping has the smallest influence range. The groundwater level fluctuates annually in a natural pattern.
The temporal and spatial fluctuations of the groundwater level were analyzed on the groundwater level data, the groundwater monitor section along the Tarim Desert Highway was set up, and the groundwater level data were recorded. The four primary temporal influence factors of groundwater level can be ordered in decreasing significance as: shelterbelt pumping> vertical leakage> river flow change > runoff replenishment. The runoff replenishment has the biggest influence range, and the shelterbelt pumping has the smallest influence range. The groundwater level fluctuates annually in a natural pattern.