研究了Cu、Cr、Mo、Ni多元低合金化对普通灰铸铁组织和性能的影响规律,同时对比分析了普通湿砂型和壳型填铁丸两种工艺条件下铸铁的组织和性能。研究结果表明,普通铸铁经CuCrMoNi多元低合金化后石墨更加均匀细小,基体中珠光体含量提高,性能提高1个牌号,从HT250提高到HT300。与普通湿砂型工艺相比,壳型填铁丸工艺条件有利于铸铁中石墨的细化、珠光体含量提高,性能得到改善。 The effects of Cu, Cr, Mo, Ni multiple low alloy on the microstructure and properties of ordinary gray cast iron were studied. The microstructure and properties of cast iron were compared between ordinary wet sand and shell cast iron. The results show that the graphite of CuCrMoNi is more uniform and fine, the content of pearlite in the matrix is ​​increased and the performance is improved by 1 grade from HT250 to HT300. Compared with the ordinary wet sand-type process, the shell-type filler iron pill conditions are conducive to the refinement of graphite in cast iron, pearlite content increased, the performance is improved.