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要素市场扭曲是影响中国本土企业出口的重要因素,对企业选择更多出口还是选择更高的出口数量具有重要的影响。本文在理论分析要素市场扭曲对企业出口两种成本影响机制的基础上,运用中国工业部门2001~2007年的企业数据,采用Heckman两阶段选择模型实质检验了要素市场扭曲对中国本土企业出口行为的影响。研究发现,要素市场扭曲对企业的出口选择和出口数量具有相反的影响作用,刺激了更多的企业选择出口,但是抑制了出口企业出口数量的提升;分所有制视角的检验发现,上述影响对于非国有企业更加明显;在采用工具变量控制内生性以后,以上结论依然成立。
Market distortions of factors are important factors that influence the export of Chinese domestic enterprises and have a significant impact on whether enterprises choose more exports or choose higher export volumes. Based on the theoretical analysis of the impact of market distortions on the two types of cost of export of enterprises in China, this paper uses the two-stage selection model of Heckman in the analysis of the enterprise data of China’s industrial sector from 2001 to 2007 to examine the effects of factor market distortions on Chinese exporters’ influences. The study found that the factor market distortions have the opposite effect on the export choice and export volume of enterprises, stimulating more enterprises to choose their exports, but restraining the export enterprises from increasing their export volume. The test of sub-ownership perspectives found that the above-mentioned impact on non- State-owned enterprises are even more obvious. The above conclusion still holds true after the endogenous control of the instrumental variables has been adopted.