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生物气的形成依赖于微生物对有机质的分解,而微生物的存在及生理活性受沉积环境的制约。分析了地层温度、咸化环境和还原环境等因素对阳信洼陷沙一段生物气生成、聚集和保存的控制作用。研究结果表明,地层温度控制了微生物的生理活性及甲烷的产气量;咸化和还原环境及中性水介质条件有利于有机质的保存与生物气的生成;快速沉降的沉积背景减少了早期生成的甲烷扩散。该区沙一段的滨浅湖相沉积环境为生物气成藏提供了优质气源岩及生物滩微相生物灰岩和白云岩等有利含气储层,断裂不发育对生物气藏的保存十分有利。
The formation of biogas relies on the decomposition of organic matter by microorganisms, while the presence and physiological activity of the microorganisms is governed by the depositional environment. The controlling effects of formation temperature, salinization environment and reducing environment on formation, accumulation and preservation of biogas in the first member of Shahejie Formation in Yangxin Sag are analyzed. The results show that the formation temperature controls the physiological activity of microorganisms and the gas production of methane. The salinization and reduction environment and the neutral aqueous medium conditions are conducive to the preservation of organic matter and the generation of biogas. The sedimentary background of rapid sedimentation reduces the early generation of Methane diffusion. The shallow and shallow sedimentary environment of Sha 1 section of this area provides high-quality gas source rocks and favorable gas reservoirs such as bio-biotite limestone and dolomite for biogas reservoirs. The preservation of biogas reservoirs is not well developed favorable.