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目的:调查一起学校胃肠炎爆发疫情,以查找病原和传播危险因素,为采取针对性防控措施提供依据。方法:搜索病例并采用现场流行病学调查法了解病例发病情况和可疑传播途径,采集并检测桶装水、食物和肛拭子等有关标本。结果:该校发现病例21例,均为301班学生,班级罹患率为36.84%。临床症状以呕吐为主,部分病例伴有腹泻、腹痛、发热。3例现症患者的肛拭子标本均检出诺如病毒核酸阳性。结论:该次疫情为一起诺如病毒引起的胃肠炎爆发疫情;可能的感染来源为首发病例引入后通过直接或间接接触进行传播。
Objective: To investigate a school outbreak of gastroenteritis in order to find the pathogen and spread of risk factors, to provide the basis for targeted prevention and control measures. Methods: The cases were searched and the epidemiological investigation method was used to understand the incidence and suspicious transmission of cases. Samples of bottled water, food and anal swab were collected and tested. Results: The school found 21 cases, all 301 students, the class attack rate was 36.84%. The main clinical symptoms of vomiting, some cases accompanied by diarrhea, abdominal pain, fever. 3 cases of patients with rectal swab specimens were detected norovirus nucleic acid positive. Conclusion: The outbreak was caused by a Norovirus-induced outbreak of gastroenteritis. The possible source of infection was the first case being introduced and then transmitted through direct or indirect contact.