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山莨菪碱为医疗上有重要用途的莨菪烷类生物碱。为了寻找新的天然资源,提供更多的生产原料,本文报道自泡囊草根中分离出1号碱和2号碱两种生物碱,经鉴定证明为山莨菪碱和莨菪碱。结果表明,本植物中山莨菪碱的含量较高,提取分离方法简单,故不失为一种生产山莨菪碱有价值的原料植物。 山莨菪碱的氢溴酸盐有针状和棱形两种晶形。针状结晶熔点159～163℃,棱形结晶熔点176～178℃。两者的红外光谱有明显的差别,但转变成游离碱后又复一致。实验表明,两种晶形可以互变,但以高熔点的晶形为稳定,药理扩瞳指数和半数致死量无差异,故证明是同质异晶现象。
Anisodamine is a sterane alkaloid that is important for medical use. In order to find new natural resources and provide more raw materials for production, this article reports that the two alkaloids, No. 1 and No. 2 alkali, were isolated from the grass roots of flavonoids and identified as anisodamine and scopolamine. The results showed that the content of anisodamine in the plant is high, and the extraction and separation method is simple. Therefore, it is a valuable raw material plant for the production of anisodamine. The anhydrogermanine hydrobromide has needle-like and prismatic crystal forms. Needle crystal melting point 159 ~ 163 °C, prismatic crystal melting point 176 ~ 178 °C. There are obvious differences in the infrared spectra of the two, but they are identical after conversion to free base. Experiments show that the two crystal forms can be interconverted, but the crystal form with a high melting point is stable, and there is no difference in the pharmacological dilation index and the LD50, so it is proved to be an isomorphism phenomenon.