一、引言晶体极射赤面投影图(以下简称极图)能明显地表示出三维晶体空间中的几何关系,如晶面或晶向间的夹角、对称配置、晶带等。它在晶体学研究的许多方面,如单晶取向的测定、多晶体的择尤取向(织构)测定等都是一种很有用的工具。尤其是,近年来研究钢和合金中两相间的晶体学取向关系的许多工作都是借助于薄膜透射显微术,依照从透射电镜上得到的两相电子衍射谱的分析,利用极图作图法等方法来实现的。因此,对从事材料科学研究者,特别是X射线、电子显微镜工作者,具备有尽可能多的 I. INTRODUCTION The polar polar projection of the crystal (hereinafter referred to as the pole figure) can clearly show the geometric relations in the three-dimensional crystal space, such as the angle between the crystal face or the crystal orientation, the symmetrical configuration and the crystal belt. It is a useful tool in many aspects of crystallographic research, such as the determination of single crystal orientations and the determination of polycrystalline orientation (texture). In particular, much of the work done in recent years to investigate the crystallographic orientation relationship between two phases in steels and alloys has been investigated by means of thin-film transmission microscopy, by the analysis of two-phase electron diffraction patterns obtained from transmission electron microscopy, France and other methods to achieve. Therefore, to engage in material science researchers, especially X-ray, electron microscope workers, with as much as possible