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在日本近代文化史研究领域,传统曲艺部分往往被忽略,其研究价值长期被低估。然而在现代媒体和娱乐产业发生前,曲艺作为普通百姓最喜闻乐见的文艺形式,生动、真切地反映着时代潮流中人们的兴趣志向与思想动态。讲谈是类似于中国评书的日本传统曲艺的经典代表,它起源于江户中后期,流行于明治大正年间,并随着报刊、电影等新媒体的出现而衰落。在日本近代转型的历史背景下,讲谈兼具了娱乐及大众文化普及、启蒙教化、战争宣传等社会功能。明治维新以降,讲谈能主动选择顺应时代趋势,因此迎来了最佳发展期,但更因其复杂的社会功能使这种传统的艺术形式具有正面和负面两种社会效果,成为客观认知日本近代历史和文化的又一重要参考。
In the field of research on the history of modern Japanese culture, the traditional folk art is often overlooked and its research value has long been underestimated. However, prior to the modern media and entertainment industry, Quyi, as the most popular literary form of ordinary people, vividly and truly reflected the aspirations and thoughts of people in the trend of the times. Lecture is a classic representative of Japanese traditional folk art similar to that of Chinese storytelling. It originated in the middle and late Edo period of the Edo Period and became popular during the Meiji Taisho era. It declined with the advent of new media such as newspapers and magazines. Under the historical background of Japan’s transition to modern times, the talk has both social functions such as popularization of popular culture, enlightenment, propaganda and war propaganda. The Meiji Restoration took a downbeat talk to take the initiative to choose to follow the trend of the times, thus ushering in the best development period. However, due to its complicated social functions, this traditional art form has both positive and negative social effects and becomes objective cognition Japan’s modern history and culture of another important reference.