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硝化-反硝化作用与土壤的供氮能力及氮气态损失密切相关,其对于湿地氮循环的生态意义重大。综述了湿地土壤硝化-反硝化作用的研究方法、影响因素及模型表征的研究动态。当前湿地土壤硝化-反硝化作用的研究主要集中在净硝化/反硝化能力方面,而模型研究仅停留在一般概念模型和动力学模型的表征上。影响湿地土壤硝化-反硝化作用的因素主要包括温度条件、水分条件、土壤理化性质及生物区系等。鉴于当前湿地土壤硝化-反硝化作用研究内容的不均衡性和不深入性,其在今后研究中应亟需加强的领域包括:(1)硝化-反硝化作用驱动机制;(2)概念模型与应用模型表征;(3)全球变暖、降水改变及碳、氮输入等对硝化-反硝化作用的影响;(4)人类活动对硝化-反硝化作用的影响。
Nitrification-denitrification is closely related to soil nitrogen availability and nitrogen loss, which is of great ecological significance for wetland nitrogen cycling. The research methods, influencing factors and characterization of nitrification and denitrification in wetland soil are reviewed. The current research on nitrification-denitrification in wetland mainly focuses on the net nitrification / denitrification ability, while the model study only stays on the representation of general conceptual model and kinetic model. The factors affecting the nitrification and denitrification in wetland soil mainly include temperature, water conditions, soil physical and chemical properties and biological flora. In view of the imbalanced nature and the lack of further research on the nitrification and denitrification of the wetland, the areas that should be strengthened urgently in the future include: (1) the driving mechanism of nitrification-denitrification; (2) the conceptual model and (3) Effects of global warming, changes in precipitation, and carbon and nitrogen input on nitrification and denitrification; (4) Effects of human activities on nitrification and denitrification.