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目的考察5.12汶川地震灾区青少年的乐观与应对方式的关系,并检验应对效能在乐观与应对方式间的中介作用。方法选取重震区322名初一到初三年级323名学生,采用问卷法进行调查。施测问卷包括生活定向测验修订版(Life Orientation Test-RevisedScale,LOT-R),应对效能问卷(Coping Efficacy Questionnaire,CEQ)和特质应对方式问卷(Coping Style Questionnaire,CSQ)。结果震区初中生的乐观倾向与应对效能和积极的应对方式呈显著正相关在(r值分别为0.48,0.38,P值均<0.01),悲观倾向与消极应对方式呈显著正相关(r=0.36,P<0.01)、与应对效能呈显著负相关(r=-0.33,P<0.01)。乐观倾向和悲观倾向分别对积极(β=0.43)和消极应对方式(β=0.28)有显著的预测作用。应对效能在乐观、悲观倾向与应对方式之间的中介作用达到显著水平。结论应对效能在乐观与应对方式之间能够起到部分中介作用。
Objective To investigate the relationship between optimism and coping style of adolescents in 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake-stricken areas and test the mediating effect of coping efficiency between optimism and coping style. Methods A total of 322 students from the first to the third grade in the Chongqing area were selected and investigated by questionnaire. The questionnaires included Life Orientation Test-Revised Scale, Coping Efficacy Questionnaire and Coping Style Questionnaire. Results There was a significant positive correlation between optimistic tendency of junior high school students and coping efficiency and coping style (r = 0.48,0.38, P <0.01), pessimistic tendency positively correlated with negative coping style (r = 0.36, P <0.01), but negatively correlated with coping effectiveness (r = -0.33, P <0.01). Optimistic tendencies and pessimistic tendencies have significant predictive effects on positive (β = 0.43) and negative coping styles (β = 0.28), respectively. The mediating effect of coping efficiency between optimism, pessimistic tendency and coping style reached a significant level. Conclusion Effectiveness of coping can play a partial mediating role between optimism and coping style.