20世纪以来,由于社会与时代的变革,西方史学也正在经历着深刻的变革,以兰克为代表的传统的史学思想,不断地受到了挑战,文化形态史家斯宾格勒的《西方的没落》与汤因比的《历史研究》,另外威尔斯的《世界史纲》等书的出版,都着意打破欧洲中心论的陈说,力图以一种整体观念来阐明人类文明的发展过程,给读者以耳目一新之感。尖锐抨击 Since the 20th century, due to the changes of society and the times, western historiography is also undergoing profound changes. The traditional historical thoughts represented by Frank Rankin are constantly challenged. Spencer Spengler, the historian of culture, The publication of such books as Toynbee’s Historical Studies and Wells’s Outline of World History are all intended to break the rhetoric of European centralism and try to clarify the development process of human civilization with a holistic concept. Give readers a fresh look. Sharp attack