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目的了解贵州省毕节市氟病区综合干预措施实施后村民氟中毒流行情况及地方性氟中毒(地氟病)相关知识知晓情况。方法通过抽样调查的方法,在毕节市先后开展地氟病综合干预项目的4个乡镇(鸭池、海子街、八寨、千溪)搜集村民的一般情况、氟斑牙检出率、氟中毒临床症状、体征阳性率和地氟病相关知识知晓率等资料进行分析。结果氟斑牙检出率为88.8%,8～12岁儿童氟斑牙患病率为65.1%,氟中毒临床症状和体征阳性率为38.0%。氟斑牙及氟中毒临床症状检出率和体征的严重程度在干预开展较早的乡镇较低,开展较晚的乡镇较高,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.001)。开展干预时间不同,对病因和预防措施知晓率的影响不同,海子街知晓率最高,八寨知晓率最低,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.001),但知晓率差异与开展时间先后顺序无关(P﹥0.05)。结论提高村民的受教育水平并注重健康教育的可持续性和针对性,可明显增强健康教育的效果。
Objective To understand the prevalence of fluorosis and the knowledge of endemic fluorosis (Fluorosis) in villagers after the implementation of comprehensive interventions for fluorosis in Bijie City, Guizhou Province. Methods The general situation of the villagers, detection rate of dental fluorosis, fluorosis (fluorosis), fluorosis (Fluorosis) and fluorosis were collected from 4 townships (Duchi, Haizi Street, Clinical symptoms, signs and positive rate of endemic fluorine-related knowledge and other information to analyze. Results The detection rate of dental fluorosis was 88.8%, the prevalence of dental fluorosis in children aged 8 ~ 12 was 65.1%, and the positive rate of clinical symptoms and signs of fluorosis was 38.0%. The detection rate of dental fluorosis and fluorosis clinical symptoms and the severity of signs were lower in the township and township than in the earlier towns and townships were higher in the townships and townships started later, with significant difference (P <0.001). The intervention time was different, and the impact on the etiology and preventive measures was different. The awareness rate of Haizi Street was the highest, and the awareness rate of Baizhai was the lowest (P <0.001). However, the difference of awareness rate was not related to the order of development time P> 0.05). Conclusion Enhancing the education level of villagers and focusing on the sustainability and pertinence of health education can obviously enhance the effect of health education.