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对柴油机排出颗粒物（ＤＥＰ）诱导小鼠骨髓细胞，体外培养的小鼠胚胎细胞和中国地鼠肺成纤维细胞（Ｖ７９）微核及姊妹染色单体交换（ＳＣＥ）进行了研究。结果表明柴油机排出颗粒物在动物体内可产生明显的毒性作用，并且对体外培养的胚胎细胞和成纤维细胞产生明显的致突变作用。提取物对小鼠骨髓细胞和体外培养细胞的微核及ＳＣＥ诱导作用呈现出剂量－反应关系。各剂量组与对照组比较呈现出显著性差异（Ｐ＜００５）。这种遗传毒性作用可能是该颗粒物致癌和致突变性的机制之一。
Micronuclei and sister chromatid exchange (SCE) of mouse bone marrow cells, mouse embryonic cells cultured in vitro and Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79) induced by diesel particulate matter (DEP) were studied. The results show that diesel particulate matter can produce significant toxic effects in animals and produce obvious mutagenic effects on embryonic cells and fibroblasts cultured in vitro. The extracts showed a dose-response relationship to the induction of micronuclei and SCE in mouse bone marrow cells and in vitro cultured cells. Each dose group compared with the control group showed a significant difference (P <0 05). This genotoxic effect may be one of the mechanisms by which the particles are carcinogenic and mutagenic.