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为了利用高能激光束,将镍、铁、铝金属单质的混合粉末快速熔融,得到高性能的镍铁铝合金,并直接用于熔覆,采用激光3D打印的金属粉末成型的方法,用一台中低功率的光纤激光器,通过一系列激光熔覆实验,以工程中常用的轧制不锈钢板为基底,研究了一定比例的镍、铁、铝混合粉末的熔覆冶金情况。通过优化激光工艺参数(激光频率、扫描速度、激光功率和离焦量)组合,得到了质量良好的单道熔覆结果。通过激光共聚焦显微镜,晶相显微镜以及扫描电子显微镜等检测手段,对熔覆条的宏观形貌和微观组织进行观察,发现获得了良好的无气孔无裂纹的合金组织,且合金与基板形成了良好的冶金结合。对单道熔覆条的截面硬度分布进行了分析,发现熔覆层硬度低于基板硬度30Hv左右,但截面硬度分布均匀。该研究有助于得到各向性质统一的冶金层。
In order to use the high-energy laser beam, the nickel, iron, aluminum single metal powder mixture quickly melt to obtain high-performance nickel-aluminum-aluminum alloy, and used directly cladding, laser 3D printing metal powder molding method, Low power fiber laser, a series of laser cladding experiments were carried out to study the cladding metallurgy of a certain proportion of nickel, iron and aluminum mixed powder based on the commonly used rolled stainless steel plate in engineering. By optimizing the combination of laser process parameters (laser frequency, scan speed, laser power and defocus amount), good single pass cladding results were obtained. The macroscopic morphology and microstructure of cladding strip were observed by laser scanning confocal microscope, crystal phase microscope and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that good alloy structure with no pores and no crack was formed and the alloy formed with the substrate Good metallurgical bonding. The cross-section hardness distribution of single-pass cladded strip was analyzed. It was found that the hardness of the clad layer was lower than about 30Hv, but the cross-section hardness distribution was even. This study helps to obtain uniform metallurgical layers of all directions.