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目的了解我国支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)对患者生活及情感影响的现状及相关因素。方法对2009年至2013年全国哮喘患病情况及相关危险因素的流行病学调查中确诊的2 034例哮喘患者进行详细的相关问卷调查,研究支气管哮喘对患者在娱乐、教育、生育和就业等4个方面的受限情况以及对患者情感的影响。采用Epidata数据库进行录入,SAS 9.2软件进行统计分析。结果2 034例哮喘患者中由于哮喘疾病使患者感到活动受限等不便的中位时间为15.3年。59.6%的患者因哮喘在娱乐、教育、生育和就业中受限,33.8%在以上4个方面中有1项活动受限;8.1%有1项中大部分活动受限;12.1%有2项或2项以上活动受限;5.6%有4项活动受限。8.9%的哮喘患者在日常生活如做饭、购物、从事家务时均需要器具的帮助。3.5%的哮喘患者在吃饭、个人卫生、大小便之类也需要他人帮助,日常自理活动明显受限。21.7%的哮喘患者认为因哮喘严重影响了与朋友或亲人之间的感情,4.0%甚至有自杀倾向。患者年龄、合并症和规律用药治疗情况是最主要的影响因素。结论哮喘对患者的生活和情感有明显负面影响,控制哮喘合并症和规范哮喘治疗是改善患者生活和情感状况的有效方法。
Objective To understand the current status and related factors of the impact on life and emotion of patients with bronchial asthma (asthma) in our country. Methods A total of 2 034 asthmatic patients diagnosed in epidemiological survey of asthma prevalence and related risk factors in China from 2009 to 2013 were analyzed in detail in a questionnaire to investigate the effects of bronchial asthma on entertainment, education, maternity and employment 4 aspects of the limited situation and the impact on the patient’s emotions. Epidata database entry, SAS 9.2 software for statistical analysis. Results A median of 15.3 years was found in 2 034 asthmatic patients who had limited mobility because of asthma disease. 59.6% were restricted in entertainment, education, maternity and employment due to asthma, 33.8% were restricted in one of the above four aspects, 8.1% were restricted in most of the activities, and 12.1% had 2 Or 2 or more activities are limited; 5.6% 4 activities are limited. 8.9% of asthmatic patients need the help of appliances in their daily life, such as cooking, shopping and doing housework. 3.5% of asthmatic patients also need help from others, such as eating, personal hygiene, and urination. Their daily routine is obviously limited. 21.7% of asthmatics think that 4.0% may even commit suicide because asthma seriously affects the relationship with friends or relatives. Patient age, comorbidities and regular medication are the most important influencing factors. Conclusion Asthma has a significant negative impact on patients’ life and emotions. Controlling asthma complication and regulating asthma treatment are effective methods to improve the life and emotional status of patients.