背景:初步报告提出抗菌素疗法之外附加皮质类固醇治疗可能对患有获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)和卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的病人有益。方法:以双盲法,安慰剂对照试验确定皮质类固醇辅助治疗对AIDS和严重卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎病人的疗效。气体交换明显异常、用抗菌素治疗未满72h的病人,被随机指定服用强的松龙(40mg)或安慰剂,6h一次,连续7天,此外还用甲氧苄氨嘧啶-磺胺甲基异 Background: Initial reports suggest that additional corticosteroid therapy other than antibiotic therapy may benefit patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to determine the efficacy of corticosteroid adjunctive therapy on AIDS and severe pneumocystine carinii pneumonia. Significant abnormal gas exchange, with antibiotics for patients under 72h, were randomly assigned to take prednisolone (40mg) or placebo, 6h once, for 7 days, in addition to trimethoprim - sulfamethoxazole