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多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是以长期无排卵及高雄激素为特征的内分泌综合征,以不孕、多毛、无排卵、月经不调等为主要临床表现。PCOS超声下卵巢呈明显多囊性改变,并伴促性腺激素分泌异常。雄激素过多合成在PCOS发病中起关键性作用,膜细胞对颗粒细胞反应性增高、垂体分泌促黄体激素增多以及高胰岛素血症可能是卵巢雄激素合成过多的机制。胰岛素抵抗和肥胖的出现则可能使PCOS临床症状加剧。雄激素、胰岛素、促性腺激素和肥胖间的相互作用促成PCOS患者的生殖表型。
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a long-term anovulatory and hyperandrogenism characterized by endocrine syndrome, infertility, hirsutism, anovulation, irregular menstruation as the main clinical manifestations. PCOS ultrasound was significantly polycystic ovarian changes, with abnormal gonadotropin secretion. Over-synthesis of androgen plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Membrane cells are more responsive to granulosa cells. Pituitary secretion of luteinizing hormone and hyperinsulinism may be the mechanism of excessive androgen synthesis in the ovary. The emergence of insulin resistance and obesity may exacerbate the clinical symptoms of PCOS. The interaction between androgens, insulin, gonadotropin and obesity contributes to the reproductive phenotype of PCOS patients.