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目的探讨2型糖尿病合并急性脑梗死的临床特点及预后。方法 420例患者分为2型糖尿病合并脑梗死组(A组)与非糖尿病脑梗死组(B组),分析两组患者的血糖、高脂血症(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)的变化,对两组脑梗死的部位面积与血糖关系及并发症、疗效及预后进行比较。结果 A组的血糖、TG、TC、LDL-C较B组显著增高,而LDL-C显著降低,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组的梗死灶部位差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。A组神经功能缺损程度、并发症及病死率显著高于B组,而疗效及预后低于A组。结论糖尿病合并脑梗死预后差,早期控制好血糖、降脂降压是减少脑梗死并发症及致死率的关键。
Objective To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with acute cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 420 patients were divided into two groups: type A diabetic patients with cerebral infarction (group A) and non - diabetic patients with cerebral infarction (group B). Blood glucose, hyperlipidemia (TG), total cholesterol (TC) (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured. The relationship between the area of cerebral infarction and blood glucose, complication, curative effect and prognosis were compared between the two groups. Results The blood glucose, TG, TC and LDL-C in group A were significantly higher than those in group B, while the levels of LDL-C in group A were significantly lower (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in infarct size between the two groups (P> 0.05). A group of neurological deficit, complications and mortality was significantly higher than the B group, and efficacy and prognosis than A group. Conclusion The prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus complicated by cerebral infarction is poor. Early control of blood sugar and lipid-lowering and antihypertensive therapy are the keys to reduce the complication and mortality of cerebral infarction.