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目的检测某高校一起感染性腹泻暴发疫情的标本,以明确其致病原,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法采集患者的粪便、呕吐物、唾液、手涂抹样标本,健康人群的粪便标本,患者宿舍外环境标本进行检测。采用四号琼脂、Mac、SS、沙门科玛嘉培养基对标本进行划线分离培养与系统生化鉴定常见肠道致病菌细菌学种类。采用普通PCR、多重RT-PCR和实时荧光RT-PCR方法进行诺如GⅡ型病毒和C组轮状病毒检测,并对阳性标本进行测序鉴定。结果共检测291份标本,病毒总阳性率17.53%,其中诺如GⅡ型病毒检测阳性45份,阳性率15.47%,C组轮状病毒阳性率2.06%。98份病例标本检出阳性率高,总阳性率37.76%,其中诺如GⅡ型病毒阳性率31.63%。54份健康人群标本诺如GⅡ型病毒阳性检出率7.41%,环境标本诺如GⅡ型病毒检测阳性率7.19%。结论本起疫情为主要由诺如GⅡ型病毒引起的诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发,致病病原中同时混杂有C组轮状病毒。
Objective To detect a specimen of an outbreak of infectious diarrhea in a university with a view to clarifying its causative agent and providing a basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Samples of stool, vomit, saliva, hand smear samples, stool samples from healthy people and environmental samples from dormitory were collected. The fourth batch of agar, Mac, SS, Shamen Kema Jia culture medium samples were streaked isolation and culture system biochemical identification of common enteric bacteria bacteriological categories. The common PCR, multiple RT-PCR and real-time fluorescence RT-PCR methods were used to detect Norovirus G and rotavirus C, and the positive samples were identified by sequencing. Results A total of 291 specimens were detected. The total positive rate of virus was 17.53%. Among them, 45 strains of Norovirus positive were detected, the positive rate was 15.47%. The positive rate of rotavirus in group C was 2.06%. The positive rate of 98 cases was high, the total positive rate was 37.76%. The positive rate of Norovirus G Ⅱ was 31.63%. The positive detection rate of Novo GⅡtype virus was 7.41% in 54 healthy population samples, and 7.19% in environmental samples such as Novo G Ⅱ type virus. Conclusion The outbreak was mainly caused by norovirus GV-type infectious virus such as Norovirus infectious diarrhea outbreak, pathogens in the same time mixed with group C rotavirus.