尽管人类在心血管疾病诊疗水平方面取得了长足的进步,肺栓塞发病率和死亡率仍然高居不下。据报道,静脉血栓栓塞的年发病率介于(23～69)/10万,其中约1/3为急性肺栓塞,2/3为深静脉血栓。血栓栓塞的严重程度不同,病例死亡率也有很大不同,大约10%的急性肺栓塞患者在头1～3月内死亡。在美国,每年与静脉血栓有关的死亡人数可达约10万。总体来说,1% Although mankind has made great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the incidence and mortality of pulmonary embolism remain high. It is reported that the annual incidence of venous thromboembolism ranged from (23 to 69) / 100,000, of which about 1/3 of acute pulmonary embolism, 2/3 of deep vein thrombosis. The severity of thromboembolism varies with case fatality rates, and about 10% of acute PE patients die within the first 1-3 months. In the United States, the annual number of deaths associated with venous thrombosis can reach about 100,000. Overall, 1%