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目的了解新入校中学生艾滋病防治知识知晓程度、态度、行为现状,探讨对中学生艾滋病知识宣传及行为干预的有效方式。方法在某中学随机抽取301名新入校学生参加讲座,讲座前后分别进行问卷调查,收集调查对象对艾滋病防治相关知识、态度和行为等相关信息。结果干预前后有效应答率为90.03%、86.71%。干预后学生对艾滋病相关知识知晓率有了明显提高(P<0.01),除对拒绝吸毒和婚前性行为态度无明显改变外(P>0.05),对待其他艾滋病相关态度和行为均有明显的转变(P<0.01);干预前初一与高一学生艾滋病防治知识知晓率、相关态度、行为差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论在中学生中开展艾滋病防治教育效果明显。在初中阶段开展艾滋病防治教育,更具有积极和广泛的意义。艾滋病防治知识健康教育作为预防艾滋病有效可靠的疫苗,应该作为初中生健康必修课,并考虑将初中生掌握艾滋病防治知识纳入毕业考核。
Objective To understand the level, attitude and behavior of AIDS prevention and control among newly admitted middle school students and to explore the effective ways of AIDS knowledge dissemination and behavioral intervention for middle school students. Methods A total of 301 newly enrolled students participated in the lecture at a middle school. Before and after the lecture, questionnaires were respectively conducted to collect the relevant information about the AIDS related knowledge, attitude and behavior of the respondents. Results The effective response rate before and after intervention was 90.03% and 86.71%. After the intervention, the awareness rate of AIDS-related knowledge among the students was significantly increased (P <0.01). There was a clear change in attitudes and behavior towards other HIV-related diseases except for no significant changes in attitudes toward refusing drug use and premarital sexual behavior (P> 0.05) (P <0.01). There were significant differences in awareness of AIDS prevention knowledge, attitude and behaviors among students of first grade and senior one before intervention (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion The effect of AIDS prevention education among middle school students is obvious. AIDS prevention and control education in junior high school stage, more positive and broad meaning. AIDS Prevention and Education Health Education As an effective and reliable vaccine against AIDS, it should be taken as a compulsory course for junior high school students and the junior high school students’ knowledge of AIDS prevention and control should be included in the graduation examination.