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应用径流小区法,长期(1996—2006)定位研究福建中部尤溪县垦植方式对山地果园水土流失的影响,结果表明:1)该地区11年平均年降雨量1 575.5 mm,平均年蒸发量1 461.1 mm,5月6、月、8月是强降雨高发期,也是水土流失防治的关键期;2)在山地果园开发中,平台开垦的径流系数为0.068 8,明显小于顺坡开垦(0.286 5);3)植草能使果园0~30 cm土层的土壤含水量提高0.8%~0.9%;4)顺坡清耕区侵蚀模数为2 388.2 t/(km2.a),梯台清耕区土壤侵蚀量达10.3 kg/m,土壤侵蚀主要源于台壁受冲刷,顺坡植草区、梯台植草区基本不发生土壤侵蚀。
Using runoff plot method, the long-term (1996-2006) study was conducted to investigate the effects of land reclamation on soil erosion in mountain orchard in Youxi County in central Fujian Province. The results showed that: 1) The average annual rainfall of 1575.5 mm 1 461.1 mm, and May, June, August and August are the critical periods for controlling heavy rainfall. 2) In the development of mountain orchards, the runoff coefficient of land reclamation was 0.068 8, which was significantly lower than that of the reclamation on the slope (0.286 5); 3) The grass planting can increase the soil water content of 0-30 cm soil layer in the orchard by 0.8% -0.9%; 4) The erosion modulus in the clear slope farming area is 2 388.2 t / (km2.a) The soil erosion in cultivated area reached 10.3 kg / m. Soil erosion was mainly caused by the erosion of the wall of the platform. Soil erosion was not occurred in the grass planting area along the slope and the grass planting area in the terrace.