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一、引言G 蛋白又称 GTP 结合蛋白、鸟苷酸调节蛋白、N 蛋白、G/F 蛋白等,10年前人们对它还一无所知。在研究受体激活腺苷酸环化酶(AC)的作用机理时,发现 G 蛋白是受体和 AC 之间独立的、功能与二者密切相关的蛋白质,存在于细胞膜脂质双分子层。近年来,随着对 G 蛋白的研究,揭开了许多受体作用之谜,G蛋白的重要作用愈加受到重视。本刊1986年曾综述了 G 蛋白对 AC 的调节作用。本文就 G 蛋白的基本生化特性及其生理功能,结合1986～1987年的最新进展,作一较系统的论述。
I. Introduction G protein, also known as GTP binding protein, guanylate regulatory protein, N protein, G / F protein, 10 years ago, people still know nothing about it. In studying the mechanism of receptor activation of adenylate cyclase (AC), it was found that G protein is an independent protein between receptor and AC, which is closely related to both, and exists in the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane. In recent years, with the study of G protein, revealing the mystery of the role of many receptors, the important role of G protein more and more attention. In 1986, we reviewed the regulatory effect of G protein on AC. In this paper, the basic biochemical characteristics of G protein and its physiological functions, combined with the latest progress of 1986 ~ 1987, made a more systematic exposition.