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城乡劳动力市场开放以来,中国农村家庭人口生产由数量偏好向质量偏好的转变,可以由具有选择性特征的劳动力非农转移来做出某种解释。非农劳动力市场人力资本的高收益率,在加速劳动力转移过程的同时形成对人力资本投资的激励,由此引致了农村家庭人口生产的质量偏好倾向。同时,由于城乡居民在其时间价值和养育子女成本方面存在的的差异,劳动力的非农转移又必然产生对农村家庭人口生产数量偏好的抑制。中国农村最近20多年的发展经验初步验证了这一观点。
Since the opening up of urban and rural labor market, the shift of population production in rural China from quantity preference to quality preference can be explained by the non-agricultural labor force with selective characteristics. The high rate of return of human capital in non-agricultural labor market, while accelerating the process of labor transfer, stimulates the investment of human capital, which leads to the tendency of mass preference of rural households. At the same time, due to the difference between urban and rural residents in terms of their time value and the cost of raising their children, non-agricultural labor force transfer inevitably has the effect of restraining the quantitative preference of rural households in production. The development experience of rural areas in China over the past 20 years has tentatively verified this view.