历史上,三江源曾是水草丰美、湖泊星罗棋布、野生动植物种群繁多的高原草甸区,被称为生态和生命的“净土”。但现实情况却不容乐观、令人警醒。近几十年来,由于天灾人祸等许多自然和人为因素的影响,整个青藏高原的生态环境已在明显恶化,形势日益严峻。目前,位于高原腹地的“三江源”随着全球气候的变暖,冰川、雪山逐年萎缩,众多江河、湖泊和湿地缩小、干涸;沙化、水土流失的面积仍在不断扩大;荒漠化和草地退化问题日益突出;长期的滥垦乱伐使大面积的草地和近一半的森林遭到严重破坏;虫鼠害肆虐;珍稀野生动物盗猎严重;无序的黄金开采及冬虫夏草的采挖屡禁不止;受威胁的生物物种占总类的20%以上,远高于世界10%—15%的平均水平,部分地区的居民已难以生存,被迫搬迁他乡。 Historically, the Three Rivers was once a land of plateaus and meadows dotted with lakes and rivers and rich in wild flora and fauna. It is called the “Pure Land” of ecology and life. However, the reality is not optimistic, it is awake. In recent decades, due to many natural and man-made factors such as man-made disasters such as natural disasters and man-made disasters, the ecological environment of the entire Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has been significantly deteriorated and the situation is becoming increasingly harsh. At present, the “Three Rivers” located in the hinterland of the plateau have been shrinking year by year with the global climate warming, and the rivers, lakes and wetlands have shrunk and dried up. The area of ​​desertification and soil erosion continues to grow. The problems of desertification and grassland degradation Growing prominently; long-term indiscriminate cultivation has severely damaged a large area of ​​grassland and nearly half of the forests; pests and whales have been ravaged; rare wild animals have been poached; gravely disarmed gold mining and caterpillar fungus have been repeatedly banned; and threatened creatures Species accounted for more than 20% of the total, much higher than the world average of 10% -15%, residents in some areas have been difficult to survive, was forced to relocate.