黄、渤海沿海因地理位置偏北,冬季受到寒潮频繁而强烈的侵袭,又深受大陆影响,因此,每年冬季都有不同程度的结冰现象发生。黄、渤海冰冻有两个基本因素,即水文状况和气象条件。水文状况在很大程度上取决于气象条件,而冰冻程度的年度预报更重要的是由于大气环流的改建过程,所造成的气象条件的变化制约着黄、渤海的冰情已为众所周知,尤其在严重的冰冻年份里,气象条件成了关键因素。黄、渤海海冰存在着形成、发展与消失几个过程。其总冰期可划分为三个阶段,即初 Due to the geographically northward coast of Huanghai and Bohai Seas, the winter is affected by the frequent and intense cold surge, which is also deeply affected by the mainland. Therefore, ice is frozen to varying degrees each winter. Huang, Bohai Sea ice has two basic factors, namely hydrological conditions and weather conditions. The hydrological conditions depend largely on meteorological conditions, and the annual forecast of the degree of freezing is more important because changes in meteorological conditions due to the re-establishment of the atmospheric circulation have restricted the ice conditions in Huanghai and Bohai, Severe freezing years, weather conditions have become a key factor. The Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea have some processes of formation, development and disappearance. The total ice age can be divided into three stages, namely early