流行性脑脊髓膜炎(Gerebro-spinal meningitis,以下简称“流脑”),是世界范围危害人民健康的急性呼吸道传染病,以中非洲的流脑带流行最为严重。我国于1896年武汉首次报道,以后陆续于南方各省流行,自1938年起每8～10年即有一次全国性流行,动乱的1967年发病率高达403/10万,1977年仍为59.7/10万。1980年起我国开始研制多糖菌苗,1982年开始根据流行预测结果在北京、辽宁、河南及安徽等地使用,保护率达90%以上,有效地控制了流行的暴发与蔓延。所 Gerebro-spinal meningitis (MSF) is an acute respiratory disease worldwide that affects people’s health and is most prevalent in the meningococcal zone in Central Africa. Our country was first reported in 1896 in Wuhan and later one after another in all southern provinces. Since 1938, there was a national epidemic every 8 to 10 years. The rate of unrest in 1967 was as high as 403/10 million, still 59.7 / 10 in 1977 Million Since 1980, China began to develop polysaccharide vaccine. Since 1982, it has been used in Beijing, Liaoning, Henan and Anhui provinces according to epidemiological forecast results. The rate of protection is over 90%, effectively controlling the epidemic outbreak and spread. The