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以超级粳稻新稻18号为供试材料,2011年在7个纯氮水平,2012年在6个纯氮水平下,测定了结实期不同氮肥水平下水稻强、弱势籽粒灌浆速率、稻米品质及产量,分析了籽粒灌浆速率与稻米品质的关系,明确了强、弱势粒灌浆特性对稻米品质的影响。结果表明,低氮处理籽粒灌浆速率高于高氮处理;最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率强势粒快于弱势粒,平均比弱势粒快39.51%和20.34%,255.0kg/hm2纯氮处理的最大灌浆速率为1.14mg/(粒·d),比弱势粒快40.83%,平均灌浆速率N0处理最快,为0.74mg/(粒·d),比弱势粒快28.50%。活跃灌浆期粒重,强势粒明显高于弱势粒,无氮肥处理最高。相关分析表明,灌浆前中期强弱势粒粒重与其灌浆速率呈极显著正相关,成熟期籽粒充实度则表现为弱势粒籽粒充实度与其灌浆速率呈极显著正相关,强势粒相关不显著;灌浆前期强弱势粒灌浆速率与稻米的加工品质呈负相关,其中弱势粒达显著或极显著相关;灌浆后期强势粒灌浆速率与稻米外观品质呈显著负相关;灌浆高峰期(即花后24d)籽粒灌浆速率与加工品质呈正相关,与外观品质呈负相关,但相关不显著。说明增大灌浆前期弱势粒灌浆速率及提高灌浆高峰期和灌浆后期强弱势粒灌浆速率,可以同步改善稻米的加工和外观品质。
Taking super japonica rice Xintiao 18 as test material, in 2011 at 7 pure nitrogen levels and at 6 pure nitrogen levels in 2012, the grain filling rates of rice under strong and weak conditions, grain quality and Yield, the relationship between grain filling rate and rice quality was analyzed, and the effect of grain filling characteristics of strong and weak grains on rice quality was clarified. The results showed that the grain filling rate of low N treatment was higher than that of high N treatment. The maximum grain filling rate and average grain filling rate were faster than the weak grains, the average grain filling rate was 39.51% and 20.34% The rate of grain filling was 1.14mg / (grain · d), 40.83% faster than that of the inferior grains. The average grain filling rate was the fastest at 0.74mg / (grain · d), 28.50% faster than the inferior grains. Active filling grain weight, strong grains were significantly higher than the weak grains, the highest nitrogen-free treatment. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between grain weight and grain filling rate in middle and early grain filling stages, grain filling degree in mature stage showed that grain filling degree was significantly and positively correlated with grain filling rate, while strong grain correlation was not significant. Grain filling There was a negative correlation between the grain filling rate of early and weak potential grains and the processing quality of rice, and the weak grain reached a significant or extremely significant correlation. The grain filling rate at grain filling stage was negatively correlated with the appearance quality of rice at grain filling stage. Filling rate and processing quality was positively correlated with appearance quality was negatively correlated, but the correlation was not significant. This shows that increasing the grain filling rate of the inferior grains at the early filling stage and increasing the grain filling rate at the peak filling stage and the grain filling stage can improve the processing and appearance quality of the rice simultaneously.