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针对岩土工程模型试验的特点 ,对自动网格法、散斑互相关法和栅线分析法这 3种光学测量技术程序进行了改进 ;并用上述方法做了模型试验 ,为工程决策提供了依据。具体工作有以下几个方面。(1)自动网格法程序的改进。图像分割时 ,增加了去掉开挖部分的功能。改进了编码过程 ,自由定编码起始点 ,环状编码方式绕过移去的网格点 ,二次编码为大片未编码的网格点编码 ,可以察看、修改编码结果。提供多种位移输出结果 ,输出结果的 Y轴可以反转。由计算机生成原始和变形网格图来测试程序。(2 )散斑互相关法程序的改进。定义了掩码文件来标记出开挖部分。在开挖部分的基础上 ,通过人机对话 ,人工来标记出不相关部分。控制位移结果输出 ,遇到不相关部分就不输出位移值。(3)栅线分析法程序的改进。定义了掩码文件来标记挖掉部分。改进了去包络方式 ,改进后的去包络法能够绕开无效区域。由计算机生成原始和变形栅线图来测试程序。(4 )用自动网格法和散斑互相关法分别做了一个模型试验 ,研究节理岩体的变形、破坏。试验模拟了试体破坏全过程 ,随着轴压的增大 ,试体经历线弹性阶段、节理面的错动、节理面尖端起裂和扩展、直到贯穿岩桥 ,失稳破坏。(5 )用自动网格法做模型试验来研究金山店铁矿地下采矿引起地表沉降问题
Aiming at the characteristics of geotechnical model test, three kinds of optical measurement techniques, such as automatic grid method, speckle cross-correlation method and raster line analysis method, were improved. The model test was done by the above method, which provided the basis for engineering decision-making . Specific work in the following areas. (1) automatic grid method program improvement. Image segmentation, an increase of removal of excavation part of the function. The encoding process is improved. The starting point of free encoding and the circular encoding are bypassed to remove the grid points. The second encoding is the encoding of large uncoded grid points, so that the encoding result can be viewed and modified. Provide a variety of displacement output, the output of the Y-axis can be reversed. The computer generated the original and deformed mesh plots to test the program. (2) improvement of the speckle cross-correlation method. The mask file is defined to mark the excavated section. On the basis of the excavation part, the irrelevant parts are marked by man-machine dialogue and handwork. Control the displacement result output, do not output the displacement value when encountering irrelevant part. (3) raster line analysis method of improvement. Defined mask file to mark the dig part. Improved enveloping method, the improved enveloping method can bypass the invalid area. The computer generated the original and deformed raster plots to test the program. (4) A model experiment was done by using automatic grid method and speckle correlation method respectively to study the deformation and failure of jointed rock mass. The test simulates the entire process of specimen failure. With the increase of axial pressure, the specimen undergoes the linear elastic phase, the misalignment of the joint surface and the crack initiation and propagation at the tip of the joint until it penetrates the rock bridge and destabilizes. (5) To study the surface subsidence caused by underground mining in Jinshandian Iron Mine by using the model method of automatic grid