先秦时期,墨学曾与儒学并称为两大显学。但汉以后,因汉武帝采用董仲舒“罢黜百家,独尊儒术”的思想政策,墨学逐渐没落。晚清,墨学复兴。五四时期,墨学更受思想家重视,思想界出现了研究墨学的热潮。本文从四个方面论述了这一历史现象出现的原因:一、以墨学救治时弊;二、以墨批儒;三、以墨学会通社会主义思想;四、发掘墨学中的科学成分。 During the pre-Qin period, Mohism and Confucianism were also called two significant studies. However, since the Han Dynasty, Mohism gradually declined because of the thought and policy of using Dong Zhongshu by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty to “strike down one hundred and only respect Confucianism.” Late Qing Dynasty, Mexico school revival. During the May 4th Movement, Mohism was more valued by thinkers, and there appeared an upsurge of studying Mohism in the field of thought. This article discusses the reasons for the emergence of this historical phenomenon from four aspects: First, to cure the disadvantages with Mohism; Second, to criticize Mohism; Third, to learn Mohism through socialism; Fourth, to explore the science of Mohism.