1843年11月上海被迫开埠，成了上海城市经济近代化的起始点。上海的近代工业由此开始移植、滋生，始而有外国资本设立的船舶修造等企业，继而有洋各派兴办的官办和官督商办洋务企业，随后又有民族资本商办企业的兴起，并在1895－1911年间逐渐形成为近代中国的工业中心。近年来 In November 1843, Shanghai was forced to go to port and became the starting point for the modernization of Shanghai’s urban economy. The modern industry in Shanghai thus began to transplant, breed, and shipbuilding enterprises that started with the establishment of foreign capital, followed by the government-run and government-run foreign-funded enterprises run by foreign factions and the rise of national capital-run enterprises, And gradually formed in 1895-1911 as an industrial center in modern China. In recent years