论文部分内容阅读
文章利用2003~2013年中国农业部全国农村固定观察点8个粮食主产省的农户微观调研数据,运用面板数据固定效应模型在全国层面和省级层面分析农户稻谷、小麦和玉米的耕地经营规模对各粮食作物单产和亩均生产成本的影响,以及这种影响在不同时期、不同地区的差异化表现。总的来看,农户耕地经营规模对粮食单产具有显著的负向影响,但耕地经营规模对粮食单产的这种负向影响力度随着时间的推移持续减弱。这表明“增规不增产”问题随着时间推移得到逐步改善。农户耕地经营规模对粮食生产成本也有显著的负向影响,但粮食生产规模经营的成本优势随着时间推移逐渐降低,应当引起重视。分地区而言,农户耕地经营规模对粮食单产和亩均生产成本的显著负向影响在地形以山地和丘陵为主、且机械化耕作程度相对滞后的湖北省和四川省等地区表现最突出。所以,在促进农地承包经营权流转、扩大农户农业生产规模经营的过程中,应重点缓解这些地区的土地细碎化问题,扩大农户地块层面的经营规模,完善当地的机械化社会服务市场。
Based on the micro-survey data of farmers in 8 major grain-producing provinces from fixed observation points in rural areas of China from 2003 to 2013, this paper analyzes the farmland management scale of farmers’ paddy, wheat and corn at the national and provincial levels by using panel data fixed effect model The impact of various grain crops per mu and the average production cost per acre, as well as the differentiated performance of this kind of influence in different periods and regions. In general, the scale of farmland farming has a significant negative impact on grain yields, but the negative impact of the cultivated land management on grain yields continues to weaken over time. This shows that the problem of “increasing production and not increasing production” has been gradually improved over time. Farmers’ cultivated land management scale also has a significant negative impact on grain production cost. However, the cost advantage of large-scale grain production management has gradually decreased over time, which deserves our attention. In terms of regions, the negative impacts of farmer households’ cultivated land management on grain yields and average production costs per hectare are most prominent in areas such as Hubei Province and Sichuan Province, where the topography is dominated by hills and hills and the mechanization of farming is relatively backward. Therefore, we should focus on alleviating the issue of land fragmentation in these areas, expanding the scale of operation at the parcel level of rural households and perfecting the mechanized social service market in the process of promoting the circulation of rural land contractual management rights and expanding the scale of agricultural production of rural households.