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本试验目的是研究冬小麦最佳施氮量与秋季表层土壤（０—３０ｃｍ）电超滤（ＥＵＦ）浸提氮之间的关系．最佳施氮量从１９８５—１９８６和１９８６—１９８７年的１９个不同地点不同氮用量的田间试验回归方程求得。大部分土壤是黄土母质而来的淋溶土，两个土壤是棕壤，一个是次生黑色石灰土。试验氮肥用量为每公顷０、４０、８０和１２０ｋｇ．在小麦穗分化前施用２次氮肥，穗分化时全部按６０ｋｇＮ／ｈｍ２施氮。从试验产量的米氏方程来计算最佳Ｎ肥用量。最佳Ｎ肥用量与ＥＵＦ浸提土壤Ｎ相关。ＮＯ－Ｎ、有机Ｎ（ＥＵＦ—Ｎ）和ＥＵＦ浸提的不同有机Ｎ份额对最佳施Ｎ量有很大影响。ＥＵＦ—Ｎ含量越高，最佳Ｎ肥用量就越低。从总Ｎ量中减去ＥＵＦ—Ｎ组分之后，表层土壤Ｎ与最佳施Ｎ量的相关关系减弱。可以肯定地说，ＥＵＦ—Ｎ组分对最佳施Ｎ量的计算影响最大。研究结果表明，在欧洲中部谷物生长地区的土壤和气候条件下，电超滤法是确定土壤有效Ｎ的适宜技术，冬小麦的最佳施Ｎ量可用ＥＵＦ浸提的土壤有效Ｎ来确定。
The purpose of this experiment was to study the relationship between the optimum amount of nitrogen fertilizer for winter wheat and nitrogen extracted by electro-ultrafiltration (EUF) in the surface soil of autumn (0-30 cm). The optimum nitrogen application rate was obtained from the regression equation of field experiment with different nitrogen rates in 19 different locations from 1985 to 1986 and from 1986 to 1987. Most of the soil is loamy loam from the parent material, two soil is brown, one is secondary black lime soil. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer tested was 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg per hectare. Nitrogen fertilizer was applied twice before spike differentiation of wheat and nitrogen was applied at 60 kgN / hm2 during spike differentiation. Calculate the optimum amount of N fertilizer from the Mie equation of the test yield. The best amount of N fertilizers was related to EUF soil N extraction. The different proportions of organic N extracted by NO-N, EU-N and EUF greatly influenced the N application rate. The higher the EUF-N content, the lower the optimum amount of N-fertilizer. After subtracting the EUF-N component from the total amount of N, the correlation between surface soil N and the optimum N application rate weakened. It is safe to say that EUF-N component has the most influence on the calculation of optimum N application rate. The results show that electrospray ionization is an appropriate technique to determine soil available N under the soil and climatic conditions in the grain growing area of central Europe. The optimal N application rate for winter wheat can be determined by soil available N extracted by EUF.