在科学发展观的大环境下,更加尊重了学生在课堂的主体地位,这就要求深入农村教学的我们也要改变自己在课堂的角色,要树立学生在课堂的主人翁地位,这就要求学生在课堂要做主人了,那么需要我们农村教师通过学生在课堂的自主学习来培养学生的主人意识,本文主要探讨了从学生的预习、识字、教学、评价等方面指导培养农村小学生的自主学习能力。 Under the environment of scientific outlook on development, students are more respected the dominant position of students in the classroom, which requires that we should change their role in the classroom and establish their own position in the classroom, which requires that students In order to master the classroom, we need our rural teachers to cultivate the students ’sense of masters through the students’ autonomous learning in the classroom. This article mainly discusses the cultivation of autonomous learning ability of rural pupils from the aspects of preparation, literacy, teaching and evaluation.