作者用电子显微镜和电子探针等现代测试技术,对目前常温镀铁两种工艺所得的镀层,进行了金相观察和成分分析,认为:1、镀层为亚结构组织的纯铁,其金相图片中的黑色针状物和网状物都是纯铁,不是杂质,更不是裂纹;2、镀铁层硬度高的主要原因是晶粒细小、晶格畸变和位错;3、这两种镀铁工艺所获得的初始镀层,其沉积机理是不同的。本文有些观点同目前所知的国内外关于镀铁机理方面的观点,有不同之处,供研究讨论。 The authors used the modern electron microscope and electron probe technology to test the metallurgical observation and composition analysis of the coatings obtained from the two technologies at room temperature. The results show that: 1, the coating is pure iron with sub-structure, The black needles and meshes in the picture are pure iron, not impurities, not cracks. 2. The main reason for the high hardness of the iron plating layer is small grain size, lattice distortion and dislocation; 3, The initial coating obtained by the iron plating process, the deposition mechanism is different. Some of the views in this paper differ from the current opinions on the mechanism of iron plating at home and abroad, for discussion and discussion.