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以“迪安娜”番茄为试材,采用负水头供水控水盆栽装置,吸力值分别设定为15、35、55、75hPa持续稳定控制不同的土壤含水率。利用声发射监测系统(physical acoustic corporation,PAC)连续监测番茄的声发射信号,通过测定番茄叶片净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)等光合参数及空气温度、相对湿度和光照强度等,研究了声发射计数与番茄净光合速率、蒸腾速率之间的关系。结果表明:供水吸力越小,番茄的净光合速率、蒸腾速率越大,叶片温度越小,蒸腾速率与净光合速率变化规律一致;08:00—18:00番茄声发射特性与番茄光合特征之间变化规律一致,二者具有良好的吻合特性。其中,12:00—14:00净光合速率和蒸腾速率达到全天最大值,供水吸力为55hPa和75hPa的番茄植株声发射计数达到最大值,分别为34和15。综上所述,不同供水吸力下,番茄光合特征与声发射特性之间具有良好的线性关系,进一步的试验结果表明其可为灌溉策略的制定提供一定的研究基础。
Taking “Dianna” tomato as test material and negative water head water supply control potting device, the suction values were set at 15, 35, 55 and 75 hPa, respectively, to control the soil moisture content continuously and steadily. The acoustic emission signals of tomato were continuously monitored by the physical acoustic corporation (PAC). The photosynthetic parameters such as net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration rate (Tr), air temperature, relative humidity and light intensity of tomato were measured. The relationship between acoustic emission counts and net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of tomato was studied. The results showed that the smaller the water suction was, the more the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of tomato were, the smaller the leaf temperature was and the same the transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate were. The 08: 00-18: 00 tomato acoustic emission characteristics and the photosynthetic characteristics of tomato The same between the changes, the two have a good match characteristics. Among them, the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate reached the maximum value at 12: 00-14: 00, and the maximum acoustic emission counts of tomato plants with water suction of 55hPa and 75hPa reached 34 and 15, respectively. In summary, there was a good linear relationship between photosynthetic characteristics and AE characteristics under different water supply suction. Further experimental results show that it can provide some research foundation for the formulation of irrigation strategies.