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1.用解剖、透明和 X 线造影等方法,观查了胎儿、幼儿及成人尸体胸椎骨的动脉血管共14具,其中胎儿1具、幼儿11具和成人2具。观查的内容包括胸椎骨动脉的来源、动脉在椎骨外的分支分布、相互关系,以及每个椎骨体营养动脉的支数、进入部位和它在椎骨体内的配布。2.全部胸椎骨除直接或间接地接受相邻肋间动脉供应外,其中上2胸椎骨尚接受由甲状腺下动脉、锁骨下动脉、肋颈干或椎动脉发出的降支,尤其自甲状腺下动脉来者最多。动脉血管在相应椎骨体前后面和椎弓内外面皆分为升、降支供应相邻椎骨,每侧相邻升、降支间互相连成纵吻合;左右同名支间连成横吻合。3.每个胸椎体的营养动脉共分三群:二群分别由椎骨体左右前外侧面进入。一群由椎骨体背侧面中央进入。其由椎骨体前外侧面进入的营养动脉支数,随年龄而有所变动。四个月胎儿椎骨体每侧有5—6支;1—3岁幼儿椎骨体常减少为3支。由椎骨体背侧进入上10个胸椎体的营养动脉支数常为2支;末2个胸椎体常为3—4支。此三群动脉在椎骨体内呈放射状排列,并在松质骨内相互吻合。4.终动脉只出现在椎骨体发育中的软骨范围内;后来随着骨化,动脉支在松质骨内形成吻合,终动脉卽口随之消失。5.椎弓背侧外上方或接近上关节突基部,常有一营养动脉进入。
A total of 14 arteries of the thoracic vertebrae of fetus, toddler and adult cadaver were examined by anatomic, transparent and radiographic methods, including 1 fetus, 11 children and 2 adults. The contents of the investigation include the origin of the thoracic vertebral artery, the distribution of the branches of the artery outside the vertebrae, the interrelationships, the number of feeding arteries in each vertebral body, the entry site and its distribution in the vertebral body. 2. All thoracic vertebrae, except directly or indirectly, receive adjacent intercostal arteries, in which the upper 2 thoracic vertebrae still accept the descending branch from the inferior thyroid artery, the subclavian artery, the rib cage or the vertebral artery, especially from the thyroid Most arteries come. Arteries in the corresponding vertebral body before and after the vertebral arch and the inside and outside are divided into ascending and descending branch supply adjacent vertebrae, adjacent to each side of the ascending and descending branch connected to the longitudinal anastomosis; 3. Each thoracic vertebral body nutrition artery is divided into three groups: two groups were entered by the vertebral body left and right anterolateral. A group of vertebral bodies from the dorsal side into the center. Its vertebral body by the anterolateral access to the nutritional artery count, with age and change. Four months fetus vertebral body has 5-6 on each side; 1-3-year-old child vertebral body often reduced to 3. From the dorsal vertebral body into the upper 10 thoracic vertebrae nutrient artery often 2; the last 2 thoracic vertebrae often 3-4. The three groups of arteries radially arranged in the vertebral body, and cancellous bone mutual agreement. 4. The terminal artery appears only in the cartilage in the development of the vertebral body; later with the ossification, the arterial branch in the cancellous bone to form anastomosis, followed by the disappearance of the terminus. 5. Vertebral arch dorsal lateral top or near the base of the knee, often a nutritional artery into.