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In order to increase the yield of hydrogen production for hydrogen-producing microbe, the enhancement effect of nanometer- sized gold particles on the activity of hydrogen-producing microbe was studied. The yields of hydrogen production in the system added by gold nanoparticles of 6 nm and 12 nm in diameter were obviously increased by about 17% and 9% in contrast to that in blank system. The experimental results indicate that gold nanoparticles could significantly enhance the bioactivity of hydrogen-producing microbe.