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企业家精神是贸易竞争力的重要来源。本文通过构建省级层面的企业家精神指数和显示性比较优势指数,实证检验了企业家创业精神和企业家创新精神对地区出口比较优势的影响。利用中国2009—2015年省级面板数据研究发现,企业家精神显著提升了中国地区出口比较优势。在处理了企业家精神可能存在的内生性、利用分位数回归和替代性解释变量进行检验后,该结论具有很强的稳健性。其中,分位数回归结果表明,企业家创业精神的地区出口比较优势效应具有非线性特征,而企业家创新精神对地区出口比较优势的影响呈现单调递增性;对影响机制的进一步研究表明,各地区法治水平和政府管制在企业家精神的地区出口比较优势效应中分别具有显著的正向和负向调节作用,而不确定性规避代表的文化态度对企业家精神的地区出口比较优势效应存在正向反馈机制。本文的结论表明,构建有利于发挥企业家精神的制度设计和法治环境,对于各地区提升贸易竞争力而言不可或缺。
Entrepreneurship is an important source of trade competitiveness. This paper empirically tests the influence of entrepreneurial spirit and entrepreneurship innovation on regional comparative advantage by empirically building entrepreneurial index and comparative comparative advantage index at the provincial level. Using China’s 2009-2015 provincial panel data, it was found that entrepreneurial spirit significantly increased the comparative advantage of exports in China. This conclusion is highly robust after addressing the possible endogeneity of entrepreneurship, using quantile regression and alternative explanatory variables. Among them, the quantile regression results show that the entrepreneurial entrepreneurial spirit of regional exports comparative advantage has nonlinear characteristics, and entrepreneurial spirit of innovation has a monotonic increase in the comparative advantage of regional exports; further study of the impact mechanism shows that the The level of rule of law in the region and the government regulation have significant positive and negative regulative effects on the comparative advantage effect of export in the area of entrepreneurship, while the uncertainty of the representative of the cultural attitude to avoid the export of the entrepreneurial spirit of regional comparative advantage advantage exists Feedback mechanism. The conclusion of this paper shows that the establishment of a system of laws conducive to entrepreneurship and the rule of law environment are indispensable for all regions to enhance their trade competitiveness.