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目的在动物实验研究的基础上对人类睾丸生精细胞体外培养分化、成熟进行初步探索,为临床治疗无精子症奠定基础。方法将14例患者的睾丸组织分离成生精细胞混悬液,采用生精细胞与支持细胞共培养或分选出初级精母细胞和精子细胞培养,观察培养前后各级生精细胞的分化或成熟情况。结果发现14例患者睾丸生精细胞经体外培养后均有不同程度的分化和成熟。初级精母细胞能分化为精子细胞,分化率平均为4.54%～6.51%；S_a期精子细胞能变形、成熟为S_c期精子细胞,成熟率为3.13%～5.74%。结论人类生精细胞经体外培养能进一步分化、成熟。初级精母细胞能分化为早期精子细胞,S_a期精子细胞可变形为更成熟形式的S_c期精子细胞。
Objective To explore the differentiation and maturation of human testicular germ cells in vitro on the basis of animal experiments and lay the foundation for clinical treatment of azoospermia. Methods The testicular tissue of 14 patients was separated into spermatogenic cell suspension. The primary spermatocytes and spermatids were co-cultured with spermatogenic cells and supporting cells or the differentiation of spermatogenic cells Mature condition. The results showed that 14 cases of testicular spermatogenic cells after in vitro culture have varying degrees of differentiation and maturation. Primary spermatocytes can differentiate into spermatids, the average rate of differentiation was 4.54% ~ 6.51%. S-a stage spermatids were able to deform and mature into S_c stage spermatocytes with the maturation rate of 3.13% -5.74%. Conclusion The human spermatogenic cells can be further differentiated and matured in vitro. Primary spermatocytes can differentiate into early spermatids, S-phase spermatids can deform into more mature forms of S-c spermatids.